There are many factors when comparing people overall than just dissecting one case. It can sometimes be worse to go cold turkey suddenly than to slowly cut down depending on how much the mother smoked and how far long
the pregnancy is.
And sometimes it can be hard to quit and yes, some people can quit easier than others so no one should say "I quit so everyone can!" There are many factors like age started, amount smoking, how often, how much they have tried quit, genetics, and so on.
They should be encouraged to stop and be made aware of the risks, but that should be discussed with qualified health practitioners and not some person off the street. A layperson can do more harm than good.
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Smoking is one of the very worst things you can do whilst pregnant.
Caffeine and alcohol, neither are ideal but in very small portions won't cause harm.
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Please tell me more about this. What are your sources?
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Unhealthy food is not the best for the baby, but it doesn't cause birth defects. The difference between unhealthy food and smoking is that smoking is causing serious problems with the baby. Some people have to live with asthma their whole lives because their mom made the irresponsible and selfish decision to smoke while pregnant.
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Malnutrition can cause birth defects. The increased risk of spinal deformities related to lack of folate are well-known. Caffeine is considered unhealthy and that can increase the risk of miscarriage which may not be a deformity, but that is a "serious problem."